On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass — H J RES 1 — Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
In plain language
- This House joint resolution from the 119th Congress proposes an amendment to the U.S. Constitution about the size of the Supreme Court. - Official subject tags are the Constitution and constitutional amendments, judges, the Supreme Court, and law. - The official summary says the proposed amendment would require the Supreme Court to have nine justices, one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. - A constitutional amendment must be approved by Congress and then ratified by the states before it becomes part of the Constitution. - The record does not describe other court rules.
Official summary (Congressional Research Service)
This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment requiring the Supreme Court to be composed of nine Justices—one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices.
Roll-call breakdown
Democrat: 1 · Republican: 211
Democrat: 205 · Independent: 1
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Democrat: 8 · Republican: 7
How each member voted (433)
Yea (212)
- Aaron Bean (Republican–FL)
- Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican–AZ)
- Adrian Smith (Republican–NE)
- Andrew Ogles (Republican–TN)
- Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican–NY)
- Andrew S. Clyde (Republican–GA)
- Andy Barr (Republican–KY)
- Andy Biggs (Republican–AZ)
- Andy Harris (Republican–MD)
- Ann Wagner (Republican–MO)
- Anna Paulina Luna (Republican–FL)
- Ashley Hinson (Republican–IA)
- August Pfluger (Republican–TX)
- Austin Scott (Republican–GA)
- Barry Loudermilk (Republican–GA)
- Barry Moore (Republican–AL)
- Ben Cline (Republican–VA)
- Beth Van Duyne (Republican–TX)
- Bill Huizenga (Republican–MI)
- Blake D. Moore (Republican–UT)
- Brad Finstad (Republican–MN)
- Brad Knott (Republican–NC)
- Brandon Gill (Republican–TX)
- Brett Guthrie (Republican–KY)
- Brian Babin (Republican–TX)
- Brian J. Mast (Republican–FL)
- Brian Jack (Republican–GA)
- Brian K. Fitzpatrick (Republican–PA)
- Bruce Westerman (Republican–AR)
- Bryan Steil (Republican–WI)
- Burgess Owens (Republican–UT)
- Carlos A. Gimenez (Republican–FL)
- Carol D. Miller (Republican–WV)
- Celeste Maloy (Republican–UT)
- Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican–TN)
- Chip Roy (Republican–TX)
- Christopher H. Smith (Republican–NJ)
- Chuck Edwards (Republican–NC)
- Claudia Tenney (Republican–NY)
- Clay Fuller (Republican–GA)
- Clay Higgins (Republican–LA)
- Cliff Bentz (Republican–OR)
- Craig A. Goldman (Republican–TX)
- Dale W. Strong (Republican–AL)
- Dan Crenshaw (Republican–TX)
- Dan Newhouse (Republican–WA)
- Daniel Meuser (Republican–PA)
- Daniel Webster (Republican–FL)
- Darin LaHood (Republican–IL)
- Darrell Issa (Republican–CA)
- David G. Valadao (Republican–CA)
- David J. Taylor (Republican–OH)
- David Kustoff (Republican–TN)
- David P. Joyce (Republican–OH)
- David Rouzer (Republican–NC)
- David Schweikert (Republican–AZ)
- Derek Schmidt (Republican–KS)
- Derrick Van Orden (Republican–WI)
- Diana Harshbarger (Republican–TN)
- Don Bacon (Republican–NE)
- Donald G. Davis (Democrat–NC)
- Dusty Johnson (Republican–SD)
- Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican–GA)
- Elijah Crane (Republican–AZ)
- Elise M. Stefanik (Republican–NY)
- Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (Republican–AR)
- Eric Burlison (Republican–MO)
- Erin Houchin (Republican–IN)
- Frank D. Lucas (Republican–OK)
- Gabe Evans (Republican–CO)
- Gary J. Palmer (Republican–AL)
- Glenn Grothman (Republican–WI)
- Glenn Thompson (Republican–PA)
- Gregory F. Murphy (Republican–NC)
- Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican–FL)
- Guy Reschenthaler (Republican–PA)
- H. Morgan Griffith (Republican–VA)
- Harold Rogers (Republican–KY)
- Harriet M. Hageman (Republican–WY)
- J. French Hill (Republican–AR)
- Jack Bergman (Republican–MI)
- Jake Ellzey (Republican–TX)
- James Comer (Republican–KY)
- James Gallagher (Republican–CA)
- James R. Baird (Republican–IN)
- Jason Smith (Republican–MO)
- Jeff Crank (Republican–CO)
- Jeff Hurd (Republican–CO)
- Jefferson Shreve (Republican–IN)
- Jefferson Van Drew (Republican–NJ)
- Jennifer A. Kiggans (Republican–VA)
- Jim Jordan (Republican–OH)
- Jimmy Patronis (Republican–FL)
- Jodey C. Arrington (Republican–TX)
- Joe Wilson (Republican–SC)
- John H. Rutherford (Republican–FL)
- John J. McGuire III (Republican–VA)
- John James (Republican–MI)
- John Joyce (Republican–PA)
- John R. Carter (Republican–TX)
- John R. Moolenaar (Republican–MI)
- John W. Rose (Republican–TN)
- Josh Brecheen (Republican–OK)
- Juan Ciscomani (Republican–AZ)
- Julia Letlow (Republican–LA)
- Julie Fedorchak (Republican–ND)
- Kat Cammack (Republican–FL)
- Keith Self (Republican–TX)
- Ken Calvert (Republican–CA)
- Kevin Hern (Republican–OK)
- Lance Gooden (Republican–TX)
- Laurel M. Lee (Republican–FL)
- Lauren Boebert (Republican–CO)
- Lisa C. McClain (Republican–MI)
- Lloyd Smucker (Republican–PA)
- Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican–FL)
- Mariannette Miller-Meeks (Republican–IA)
- Mario Diaz-Balart (Republican–FL)
- Mark Alford (Republican–MO)
- Mark B. Messmer (Republican–IN)
- Mark E. Amodei (Republican–NV)
- Mark Harris (Republican–NC)
- Marlin A. Stutzman (Republican–IN)
- Matt Van Epps (Republican–TN)
- Max L. Miller (Republican–OH)
- Michael A. Rulli (Republican–OH)
- Michael Baumgartner (Republican–WA)
- Michael Cloud (Republican–TX)
- Michael Guest (Republican–MS)
- Michael K. Simpson (Republican–ID)
- Michael Lawler (Republican–NY)
- Michael R. Turner (Republican–OH)
- Michelle Fischbach (Republican–MN)
- Mike Bost (Republican–IL)
- Mike Carey (Republican–OH)
- Mike Collins (Republican–GA)
- Mike Ezell (Republican–MS)
- Mike Flood (Republican–NE)
- Mike Haridopolos (Republican–FL)
- Mike Johnson (Republican–LA)
- Mike Kelly (Republican–PA)
- Mike Kennedy (Republican–UT)
- Mike Rogers (Republican–AL)
- Monica De La Cruz (Republican–TX)
- Morgan Luttrell (Republican–TX)
- Nancy Mace (Republican–SC)
- Nathaniel Moran (Republican–TX)
- Nicholas A. Langworthy (Republican–NY)
- Nicholas J. Begich III (Republican–AK)
- Nick LaLota (Republican–NY)
- Nicole Malliotakis (Republican–NY)
- Pat Fallon (Republican–TX)
- Pat Harrigan (Republican–NC)
- Paul A. Gosar (Republican–AZ)
- Pete Sessions (Republican–TX)
- Pete Stauber (Republican–MN)
- Ralph Norman (Republican–SC)
- Randy Feenstra (Republican–IA)
- Randy Fine (Republican–FL)
- Randy K. Weber, Sr. (Republican–TX)
- Richard Hudson (Republican–NC)
- Richard McCormick (Republican–GA)
- Rick W. Allen (Republican–GA)
- Riley M. Moore (Republican–WV)
- Robert B. Aderholt (Republican–AL)
- Robert E. Latta (Republican–OH)
- Robert F. Onder, Jr. (Republican–MO)
- Robert J. Wittman (Republican–VA)
- Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (Republican–PA)
- Roger Williams (Republican–TX)
- Ron Estes (Republican–KS)
- Ronny Jackson (Republican–TX)
- Rudy Yakym III (Republican–IN)
- Russ Fulcher (Republican–ID)
- Russell Fry (Republican–SC)
- Ryan K. Zinke (Republican–MT)
- Ryan Mackenzie (Republican–PA)
- Sam Graves (Republican–MO)
- Scott DesJarlais (Republican–TN)
- Scott Fitzgerald (Republican–WI)
- Scott Franklin (Republican–FL)
- Scott Perry (Republican–PA)
- Sheri Biggs (Republican–SC)
- Stephanie I. Bice (Republican–OK)
- Steve Scalise (Republican–LA)
- Steve Womack (Republican–AR)
- Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (Republican–NJ)
- Thomas Massie (Republican–KY)
- Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican–WI)
- Tim Burchett (Republican–TN)
- Tim Moore (Republican–NC)
- Tim Walberg (Republican–MI)
- Tom Barrett (Republican–MI)
- Tom Cole (Republican–OK)
- Tom Emmer (Republican–MN)
- Tom McClintock (Republican–CA)
- Tony Wied (Republican–WI)
- Tracey Mann (Republican–KS)
- Trent Kelly (Republican–MS)
- Troy Balderson (Republican–OH)
- Troy Downing (Republican–MT)
- Troy E. Nehls (Republican–TX)
- Vern Buchanan (Republican–FL)
- Victoria Spartz (Republican–IN)
- Vince Fong (Republican–CA)
- Virginia Foxx (Republican–NC)
- W. Gregory Steube (Republican–FL)
- Warren Davidson (Republican–OH)
- Wesley Hunt (Republican–TX)
- William R. Timmons IV (Republican–SC)
- Young Kim (Republican–CA)
- Zachary Nunn (Republican–IA)
Nay (206)
- Adam Gray (Democrat–CA)
- Adelita S. Grijalva (Democrat–AZ)
- Adriano Espaillat (Democrat–NY)
- Aisha Wahab (Democrat–CA)
- Al Green (Democrat–TX)
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (Democrat–NY)
- Alma S. Adams (Democrat–NC)
- Ami Bera (Democrat–CA)
- Analilia Mejia (Democrat–NJ)
- André Carson (Democrat–IN)
- Andrea Salinas (Democrat–OR)
- Angie Craig (Democrat–MN)
- April McClain Delaney (Democrat–MD)
- Ayanna Pressley (Democrat–MA)
- Becca Balint (Democrat–VT)
- Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat–MS)
- Betty McCollum (Democrat–MN)
- Bill Foster (Democrat–IL)
- Bonnie Watson Coleman (Democrat–NJ)
- Brad Sherman (Democrat–CA)
- Bradley Scott Schneider (Democrat–IL)
- Brendan F. Boyle (Democrat–PA)
- Brittany Pettersen (Democrat–CO)
- Chellie Pingree (Democrat–ME)
- Chris Pappas (Democrat–NH)
- Chrissy Houlahan (Democrat–PA)
- Christian D. Menefee (Democrat–TX)
- Christopher R. Deluzio (Democrat–PA)
- Cleo Fields (Democrat–LA)
- Danny K. Davis (Democrat–IL)
- Darren Soto (Democrat–FL)
- Dave Min (Democrat–CA)
- Debbie Dingell (Democrat–MI)
- Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Democrat–FL)
- Deborah K. Ross (Democrat–NC)
- Delia C. Ramirez (Democrat–IL)
- Derek Tran (Democrat–CA)
- Diana DeGette (Democrat–CO)
- Dina Titus (Democrat–NV)
- Donald Norcross (Democrat–NJ)
- Doris O. Matsui (Democrat–CA)
- Dwight Evans (Democrat–PA)
- Ed Case (Democrat–HI)
- Emanuel Cleaver (Democrat–MO)
- Emilia Strong Sykes (Democrat–OH)
- Emily Randall (Democrat–WA)
- Eric Sorensen (Democrat–IL)
- Eugene Simon Vindman (Democrat–VA)
- Everton Blair Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Frank J. Mrvan (Democrat–IN)
- Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Frederica S. Wilson (Democrat–FL)
- Gabe Amo (Democrat–RI)
- Gabe Vasquez (Democrat–NM)
- George Latimer (Democrat–NY)
- George Whitesides (Democrat–CA)
- Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (Democrat–CA)
- Glenn Ivey (Democrat–MD)
- Grace Meng (Democrat–NY)
- Greg Casar (Democrat–TX)
- Greg Landsman (Democrat–OH)
- Greg Stanton (Democrat–AZ)
- Gwen Moore (Democrat–WI)
- Hakeem S. Jeffries (Democrat–NY)
- Haley M. Stevens (Democrat–MI)
- Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Henry Cuellar (Democrat–TX)
- Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Hillary J. Scholten (Democrat–MI)
- Ilhan Omar (Democrat–MN)
- J. Luis Correa (Democrat–CA)
- Jahana Hayes (Democrat–CT)
- Jake Auchincloss (Democrat–MA)
- James A. Himes (Democrat–CT)
- James E. Clyburn (Democrat–SC)
- James P. McGovern (Democrat–MA)
- James R. Walkinshaw (Democrat–VA)
- Jamie Raskin (Democrat–MD)
- Janelle S. Bynum (Democrat–OR)
- Janice D. Schakowsky (Democrat–IL)
- Jared F. Golden (Democrat–ME)
- Jared Huffman (Democrat–CA)
- Jared Moskowitz (Democrat–FL)
- Jasmine Crockett (Democrat–TX)
- Jason Crow (Democrat–CO)
- Jennifer L. McClellan (Democrat–VA)
- Jerrold Nadler (Democrat–NY)
- Jesús G. "Chuy" García (Democrat–IL)
- Jill N. Tokuda (Democrat–HI)
- Jim Costa (Democrat–CA)
- Jimmy Gomez (Democrat–CA)
- Jimmy Panetta (Democrat–CA)
- Joaquin Castro (Democrat–TX)
- Joe Courtney (Democrat–CT)
- Joe Neguse (Democrat–CO)
- John B. Larson (Democrat–CT)
- John W. Mannion (Democrat–NY)
- Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (Democrat–MD)
- Jonathan L. Jackson (Democrat–IL)
- Joseph D. Morelle (Democrat–NY)
- Josh Gottheimer (Democrat–NJ)
- Josh Harder (Democrat–CA)
- Josh Riley (Democrat–NY)
- Joyce Beatty (Democrat–OH)
- Juan Vargas (Democrat–CA)
- Judy Chu (Democrat–CA)
- Julia Brownley (Democrat–CA)
- Julie Johnson (Democrat–TX)
- Katherine M. Clark (Democrat–MA)
- Kathy Castor (Democrat–FL)
- Kelly Morrison (Democrat–MN)
- Kevin Kiley (Independent–CA)
- Kevin Mullin (Democrat–CA)
- Kim Schrier (Democrat–WA)
- Kristen McDonald Rivet (Democrat–MI)
- Kweisi Mfume (Democrat–MD)
- LaMonica McIver (Democrat–NJ)
- Lateefah Simon (Democrat–CA)
- Laura Friedman (Democrat–CA)
- Laura Gillen (Democrat–NY)
- Lauren Underwood (Democrat–IL)
- Linda T. Sánchez (Democrat–CA)
- Lizzie Fletcher (Democrat–TX)
- Lloyd Doggett (Democrat–TX)
- Lois Frankel (Democrat–FL)
- Lori Trahan (Democrat–MA)
- Lucy McBath (Democrat–GA)
- Luz M. Rivas (Democrat–CA)
- Madeleine Dean (Democrat–PA)
- Maggie Goodlander (Democrat–NH)
- Marc A. Veasey (Democrat–TX)
- Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (Democrat–WA)
- Marilyn Strickland (Democrat–WA)
- Mark DeSaulnier (Democrat–CA)
- Mark Pocan (Democrat–WI)
- Mark Takano (Democrat–CA)
- Mary Gay Scanlon (Democrat–PA)
- Maxine Dexter (Democrat–OR)
- Maxine Waters (Democrat–CA)
- Maxwell Frost (Democrat–FL)
- Melanie A. Stansbury (Democrat–NM)
- Mike Levin (Democrat–CA)
- Mike Quigley (Democrat–IL)
- Mike Thompson (Democrat–CA)
- Morgan McGarvey (Democrat–KY)
- Nancy Pelosi (Democrat–CA)
- Nanette Diaz Barragán (Democrat–CA)
- Nellie Pou (Democrat–NJ)
- Nikema Williams (Democrat–GA)
- Nikki Budzinski (Democrat–IL)
- Norma J. Torres (Democrat–CA)
- Patrick Ryan (Democrat–NY)
- Paul Tonko (Democrat–NY)
- Pete Aguilar (Democrat–CA)
- Pramila Jayapal (Democrat–WA)
- Raja Krishnamoorthi (Democrat–IL)
- Rashida Tlaib (Democrat–MI)
- Raul Ruiz (Democrat–CA)
- Richard E. Neal (Democrat–MA)
- Rick Larsen (Democrat–WA)
- Ritchie Torres (Democrat–NY)
- Ro Khanna (Democrat–CA)
- Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat–VA)
- Robert Garcia (Democrat–CA)
- Robert Menendez (Democrat–NJ)
- Robin L. Kelly (Democrat–IL)
- Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat–CT)
- Salud O. Carbajal (Democrat–CA)
- Sam T. Liccardo (Democrat–CA)
- Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Sara Jacobs (Democrat–CA)
- Sarah Elfreth (Democrat–MD)
- Sarah McBride (Democrat–DE)
- Scott H. Peters (Democrat–CA)
- Sean Casten (Democrat–IL)
- Seth Magaziner (Democrat–RI)
- Sharice Davids (Democrat–KS)
- Shomari Figures (Democrat–AL)
- Shontel M. Brown (Democrat–OH)
- Shri Thanedar (Democrat–MI)
- Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat–MD)
- Stephen F. Lynch (Democrat–MA)
- Steve Cohen (Democrat–TN)
- Steven Horsford (Democrat–NV)
- Suhas Subramanyam (Democrat–VA)
- Summer L. Lee (Democrat–PA)
- Susie Lee (Democrat–NV)
- Suzan K. DelBene (Democrat–WA)
- Suzanne Bonamici (Democrat–OR)
- Sydney Kamlager-Dove (Democrat–CA)
- Sylvia R. Garcia (Democrat–TX)
- Ted Lieu (Democrat–CA)
- Teresa Leger Fernandez (Democrat–NM)
- Terri A. Sewell (Democrat–AL)
- Thomas R. Suozzi (Democrat–NY)
- Timothy M. Kennedy (Democrat–NY)
- Troy A. Carter (Democrat–LA)
- Val T. Hoyle (Democrat–OR)
- Valerie P. Foushee (Democrat–NC)
- Veronica Escobar (Democrat–TX)
- Vicente Gonzalez (Democrat–TX)
- Wesley Bell (Democrat–MO)
- William R. Keating (Democrat–MA)
- Yassamin Ansari (Democrat–AZ)
- Yvette D. Clarke (Democrat–NY)
- Zoe Lofgren (Democrat–CA)
Not Voting (15)
- Adam Smith (Democrat–WA)
- Addison P. McDowell (Republican–NC)
- Byron Donalds (Republican–FL)
- Cory Mills (Republican–FL)
- Daniel S. Goldman (Democrat–NY)
- Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (Democrat–VA)
- Gregory W. Meeks (Democrat–NY)
- Jay Obernolte (Republican–CA)
- John Garamendi (Democrat–CA)
- Marcy Kaptur (Democrat–OH)
- Mary E. Miller (Republican–IL)
- Michael T. McCaul (Republican–TX)
- Neal P. Dunn (Republican–FL)
- Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat–NY)
- Seth Moulton (Democrat–MA)
Party labels reflect each member’s most recent affiliation on record.