substantiveMar 10, 2025 · House roll call · passage · Result: Passed
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass — H R 495 — Subterranean Border Defense Act
Subterranean Border Defense Act
In plain language
- House bill in the 119th Congress.
- Requires recurring annual reporting by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) on the implementation of a strategic plan.
- House passed it on Mar 10, 2025 (substantive).
Official summary (Congressional Research Service)
Subterranean Border Defense Act This bill requires recurring annual reporting by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) on the implementation of a strategic plan to counter illicit cross-border tunnel operations. Currently, CBP is only required to report once no later than one year after the plan's development.
Roll-call breakdown
Yea402
Democrat: 194 · Independent: 1 · Republican: 207
Nay1
Democrat: 1
Present0
—
Not Voting29
Democrat: 19 · Republican: 10
How each member voted (432)
Yea (402)
- Aaron Bean (Republican–FL)
- Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican–AZ)
- Adam Gray (Democrat–CA)
- Adam Smith (Democrat–WA)
- Addison P. McDowell (Republican–NC)
- Adrian Smith (Republican–NE)
- Adriano Espaillat (Democrat–NY)
- Al Green (Democrat–TX)
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (Democrat–NY)
- Alma S. Adams (Democrat–NC)
- Ami Bera (Democrat–CA)
- André Carson (Democrat–IN)
- Andrea Salinas (Democrat–OR)
- Andrew Ogles (Republican–TN)
- Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican–NY)
- Andrew S. Clyde (Republican–GA)
- Andy Barr (Republican–KY)
- Andy Biggs (Republican–AZ)
- Andy Harris (Republican–MD)
- Angie Craig (Democrat–MN)
- Anna Paulina Luna (Republican–FL)
- April McClain Delaney (Democrat–MD)
- Ashley Hinson (Republican–IA)
- August Pfluger (Republican–TX)
- Austin Scott (Republican–GA)
- Barry Moore (Republican–AL)
- Becca Balint (Democrat–VT)
- Ben Cline (Republican–VA)
- Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat–MS)
- Beth Van Duyne (Republican–TX)
- Betty McCollum (Democrat–MN)
- Bill Foster (Democrat–IL)
- Bill Huizenga (Republican–MI)
- Blake D. Moore (Republican–UT)
- Bonnie Watson Coleman (Democrat–NJ)
- Brad Finstad (Republican–MN)
- Brad Knott (Republican–NC)
- Brad Sherman (Democrat–CA)
- Bradley Scott Schneider (Democrat–IL)
- Brandon Gill (Republican–TX)
- Brendan F. Boyle (Democrat–PA)
- Brett Guthrie (Republican–KY)
- Brian Babin (Republican–TX)
- Brian J. Mast (Republican–FL)
- Brian Jack (Republican–GA)
- Brian K. Fitzpatrick (Republican–PA)
- Brittany Pettersen (Democrat–CO)
- Bruce Westerman (Republican–AR)
- Bryan Steil (Republican–WI)
- Burgess Owens (Republican–UT)
- Byron Donalds (Republican–FL)
- Carlos A. Gimenez (Republican–FL)
- Carol D. Miller (Republican–WV)
- Celeste Maloy (Republican–UT)
- Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican–TN)
- Chellie Pingree (Democrat–ME)
- Chip Roy (Republican–TX)
- Chris Pappas (Democrat–NH)
- Chrissy Houlahan (Democrat–PA)
- Christopher H. Smith (Republican–NJ)
- Christopher R. Deluzio (Democrat–PA)
- Chuck Edwards (Republican–NC)
- Claudia Tenney (Republican–NY)
- Clay Higgins (Republican–LA)
- Cleo Fields (Democrat–LA)
- Cliff Bentz (Republican–OR)
- Cory Mills (Republican–FL)
- Craig A. Goldman (Republican–TX)
- Dale W. Strong (Republican–AL)
- Dan Crenshaw (Republican–TX)
- Dan Newhouse (Republican–WA)
- Daniel Meuser (Republican–PA)
- Daniel Webster (Republican–FL)
- Danny K. Davis (Democrat–IL)
- Darin LaHood (Republican–IL)
- Darrell Issa (Republican–CA)
- Darren Soto (Democrat–FL)
- Dave Min (Democrat–CA)
- David G. Valadao (Republican–CA)
- David J. Taylor (Republican–OH)
- David Kustoff (Republican–TN)
- David P. Joyce (Republican–OH)
- David Rouzer (Republican–NC)
- David Schweikert (Republican–AZ)
- David Scott (Democrat–GA)
- Debbie Dingell (Democrat–MI)
- Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Democrat–FL)
- Deborah K. Ross (Democrat–NC)
- Delia C. Ramirez (Democrat–IL)
- Derek Schmidt (Republican–KS)
- Derek Tran (Democrat–CA)
- Diana DeGette (Democrat–CO)
- Diana Harshbarger (Republican–TN)
- Dina Titus (Democrat–NV)
- Don Bacon (Republican–NE)
- Donald G. Davis (Democrat–NC)
- Donald Norcross (Democrat–NJ)
- Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (Democrat–VA)
- Doris O. Matsui (Democrat–CA)
- Dusty Johnson (Republican–SD)
- Dwight Evans (Democrat–PA)
- Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican–GA)
- Ed Case (Democrat–HI)
- Elijah Crane (Republican–AZ)
- Elise M. Stefanik (Republican–NY)
- Emanuel Cleaver (Democrat–MO)
- Emilia Strong Sykes (Democrat–OH)
- Emily Randall (Democrat–WA)
- Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (Republican–AR)
- Eric Burlison (Republican–MO)
- Eric Sorensen (Democrat–IL)
- Eric Swalwell (Democrat–CA)
- Erin Houchin (Republican–IN)
- Eugene Simon Vindman (Democrat–VA)
- Frank D. Lucas (Republican–OK)
- Frank J. Mrvan (Democrat–IN)
- Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Gabe Amo (Democrat–RI)
- Gabe Evans (Republican–CO)
- Gabe Vasquez (Democrat–NM)
- Gary J. Palmer (Republican–AL)
- George Latimer (Democrat–NY)
- George Whitesides (Democrat–CA)
- Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (Democrat–CA)
- Glenn Grothman (Republican–WI)
- Glenn Ivey (Democrat–MD)
- Glenn Thompson (Republican–PA)
- Greg Landsman (Democrat–OH)
- Greg Stanton (Democrat–AZ)
- Gregory F. Murphy (Republican–NC)
- Gregory W. Meeks (Democrat–NY)
- Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican–FL)
- Guy Reschenthaler (Republican–PA)
- H. Morgan Griffith (Republican–VA)
- Hakeem S. Jeffries (Democrat–NY)
- Haley M. Stevens (Democrat–MI)
- Harold Rogers (Republican–KY)
- Harriet M. Hageman (Republican–WY)
- Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Henry Cuellar (Democrat–TX)
- Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Hillary J. Scholten (Democrat–MI)
- Ilhan Omar (Democrat–MN)
- J. French Hill (Republican–AR)
- J. Luis Correa (Democrat–CA)
- Jack Bergman (Republican–MI)
- Jahana Hayes (Democrat–CT)
- Jake Ellzey (Republican–TX)
- James Comer (Republican–KY)
- James E. Clyburn (Democrat–SC)
- James P. McGovern (Democrat–MA)
- James R. Baird (Republican–IN)
- Janelle S. Bynum (Democrat–OR)
- Janice D. Schakowsky (Democrat–IL)
- Jared F. Golden (Democrat–ME)
- Jared Huffman (Democrat–CA)
- Jared Moskowitz (Democrat–FL)
- Jasmine Crockett (Democrat–TX)
- Jason Crow (Democrat–CO)
- Jason Smith (Republican–MO)
- Jay Obernolte (Republican–CA)
- Jeff Crank (Republican–CO)
- Jeff Hurd (Republican–CO)
- Jefferson Shreve (Republican–IN)
- Jefferson Van Drew (Republican–NJ)
- Jennifer A. Kiggans (Republican–VA)
- Jennifer L. McClellan (Democrat–VA)
- Jerrold Nadler (Democrat–NY)
- Jesús G. "Chuy" García (Democrat–IL)
- Jill N. Tokuda (Democrat–HI)
- Jim Costa (Democrat–CA)
- Jim Jordan (Republican–OH)
- Jimmy Gomez (Democrat–CA)
- Jimmy Panetta (Democrat–CA)
- Joaquin Castro (Democrat–TX)
- Jodey C. Arrington (Republican–TX)
- Joe Courtney (Democrat–CT)
- Joe Neguse (Democrat–CO)
- John B. Larson (Democrat–CT)
- John Garamendi (Democrat–CA)
- John H. Rutherford (Republican–FL)
- John J. McGuire III (Republican–VA)
- John James (Republican–MI)
- John Joyce (Republican–PA)
- John R. Carter (Republican–TX)
- John R. Moolenaar (Republican–MI)
- John W. Mannion (Democrat–NY)
- John W. Rose (Republican–TN)
- Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (Democrat–MD)
- Jonathan L. Jackson (Democrat–IL)
- Joseph D. Morelle (Democrat–NY)
- Josh Brecheen (Republican–OK)
- Josh Harder (Democrat–CA)
- Josh Riley (Democrat–NY)
- Joyce Beatty (Democrat–OH)
- Juan Ciscomani (Republican–AZ)
- Juan Vargas (Democrat–CA)
- Judy Chu (Democrat–CA)
- Julia Brownley (Democrat–CA)
- Julie Fedorchak (Republican–ND)
- Julie Johnson (Democrat–TX)
- Kat Cammack (Republican–FL)
- Katherine M. Clark (Democrat–MA)
- Kathy Castor (Democrat–FL)
- Keith Self (Republican–TX)
- Kelly Morrison (Democrat–MN)
- Ken Calvert (Republican–CA)
- Kevin Hern (Republican–OK)
- Kevin Kiley (Independent–CA)
- Kim Schrier (Democrat–WA)
- Kristen McDonald Rivet (Democrat–MI)
- Kweisi Mfume (Democrat–MD)
- LaMonica McIver (Democrat–NJ)
- Lance Gooden (Republican–TX)
- Lateefah Simon (Democrat–CA)
- Laura Friedman (Democrat–CA)
- Laura Gillen (Democrat–NY)
- Laurel M. Lee (Republican–FL)
- Lauren Underwood (Democrat–IL)
- Linda T. Sánchez (Democrat–CA)
- Lisa C. McClain (Republican–MI)
- Lizzie Fletcher (Democrat–TX)
- Lloyd Smucker (Republican–PA)
- Lois Frankel (Democrat–FL)
- Lori Trahan (Democrat–MA)
- Lucy McBath (Democrat–GA)
- Luz M. Rivas (Democrat–CA)
- Madeleine Dean (Democrat–PA)
- Maggie Goodlander (Democrat–NH)
- Marc A. Veasey (Democrat–TX)
- Marcy Kaptur (Democrat–OH)
- Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican–FL)
- Mariannette Miller-Meeks (Republican–IA)
- Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (Democrat–WA)
- Marilyn Strickland (Democrat–WA)
- Mario Diaz-Balart (Republican–FL)
- Marjorie Taylor Greene (Republican–GA)
- Mark Alford (Republican–MO)
- Mark B. Messmer (Republican–IN)
- Mark DeSaulnier (Democrat–CA)
- Mark E. Amodei (Republican–NV)
- Mark E. Green (Republican–TN)
- Mark Harris (Republican–NC)
- Mark Pocan (Democrat–WI)
- Mark Takano (Democrat–CA)
- Marlin A. Stutzman (Republican–IN)
- Mary E. Miller (Republican–IL)
- Mary Gay Scanlon (Democrat–PA)
- Max L. Miller (Republican–OH)
- Maxine Dexter (Democrat–OR)
- Maxine Waters (Democrat–CA)
- Maxwell Frost (Democrat–FL)
- Melanie A. Stansbury (Democrat–NM)
- Michael A. Rulli (Republican–OH)
- Michael Baumgartner (Republican–WA)
- Michael Cloud (Republican–TX)
- Michael Guest (Republican–MS)
- Michael K. Simpson (Republican–ID)
- Michael Lawler (Republican–NY)
- Michael R. Turner (Republican–OH)
- Michael T. McCaul (Republican–TX)
- Michelle Fischbach (Republican–MN)
- Mike Bost (Republican–IL)
- Mike Carey (Republican–OH)
- Mike Collins (Republican–GA)
- Mike Ezell (Republican–MS)
- Mike Flood (Republican–NE)
- Mike Haridopolos (Republican–FL)
- Mike Johnson (Republican–LA)
- Mike Kelly (Republican–PA)
- Mike Kennedy (Republican–UT)
- Mike Levin (Democrat–CA)
- Mike Quigley (Democrat–IL)
- Mike Rogers (Republican–AL)
- Mike Thompson (Democrat–CA)
- Monica De La Cruz (Republican–TX)
- Morgan Luttrell (Republican–TX)
- Morgan McGarvey (Democrat–KY)
- Nancy Mace (Republican–SC)
- Nancy Pelosi (Democrat–CA)
- Nanette Diaz Barragán (Democrat–CA)
- Nathaniel Moran (Republican–TX)
- Neal P. Dunn (Republican–FL)
- Nellie Pou (Democrat–NJ)
- Nicholas A. Langworthy (Republican–NY)
- Nicholas J. Begich III (Republican–AK)
- Nick LaLota (Republican–NY)
- Nicole Malliotakis (Republican–NY)
- Nikema Williams (Democrat–GA)
- Nikki Budzinski (Democrat–IL)
- Norma J. Torres (Democrat–CA)
- Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat–NY)
- Pat Fallon (Republican–TX)
- Pat Harrigan (Republican–NC)
- Patrick Ryan (Democrat–NY)
- Paul A. Gosar (Republican–AZ)
- Paul Tonko (Democrat–NY)
- Pete Aguilar (Democrat–CA)
- Pete Sessions (Republican–TX)
- Pete Stauber (Republican–MN)
- Pramila Jayapal (Democrat–WA)
- Raja Krishnamoorthi (Democrat–IL)
- Ralph Norman (Republican–SC)
- Randy Feenstra (Republican–IA)
- Randy K. Weber, Sr. (Republican–TX)
- Raul Ruiz (Democrat–CA)
- Richard E. Neal (Democrat–MA)
- Richard Hudson (Republican–NC)
- Richard McCormick (Republican–GA)
- Rick Larsen (Democrat–WA)
- Rick W. Allen (Republican–GA)
- Riley M. Moore (Republican–WV)
- Ritchie Torres (Democrat–NY)
- Ro Khanna (Democrat–CA)
- Robert B. Aderholt (Republican–AL)
- Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat–VA)
- Robert E. Latta (Republican–OH)
- Robert F. Onder, Jr. (Republican–MO)
- Robert J. Wittman (Republican–VA)
- Robert Menendez (Democrat–NJ)
- Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (Republican–PA)
- Robin L. Kelly (Democrat–IL)
- Roger Williams (Republican–TX)
- Ron Estes (Republican–KS)
- Ronny Jackson (Republican–TX)
- Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat–CT)
- Rudy Yakym III (Republican–IN)
- Russ Fulcher (Republican–ID)
- Russell Fry (Republican–SC)
- Ryan K. Zinke (Republican–MT)
- Ryan Mackenzie (Republican–PA)
- Salud O. Carbajal (Democrat–CA)
- Sam Graves (Republican–MO)
- Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Sara Jacobs (Democrat–CA)
- Sarah Elfreth (Democrat–MD)
- Sarah McBride (Democrat–DE)
- Scott DesJarlais (Republican–TN)
- Scott Fitzgerald (Republican–WI)
- Scott Franklin (Republican–FL)
- Scott H. Peters (Democrat–CA)
- Scott Perry (Republican–PA)
- Sean Casten (Democrat–IL)
- Seth Moulton (Democrat–MA)
- Sharice Davids (Democrat–KS)
- Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (Democrat–FL)
- Sheri Biggs (Republican–SC)
- Shomari Figures (Democrat–AL)
- Shontel M. Brown (Democrat–OH)
- Shri Thanedar (Democrat–MI)
- Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat–MD)
- Stephanie I. Bice (Republican–OK)
- Stephen F. Lynch (Democrat–MA)
- Steve Cohen (Democrat–TN)
- Steve Scalise (Republican–LA)
- Steve Womack (Republican–AR)
- Steven Horsford (Democrat–NV)
- Suhas Subramanyam (Democrat–VA)
- Summer L. Lee (Democrat–PA)
- Susie Lee (Democrat–NV)
- Suzan K. DelBene (Democrat–WA)
- Suzanne Bonamici (Democrat–OR)
- Sylvia R. Garcia (Democrat–TX)
- Ted Lieu (Democrat–CA)
- Teresa Leger Fernandez (Democrat–NM)
- Terri A. Sewell (Democrat–AL)
- Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (Republican–NJ)
- Thomas Massie (Republican–KY)
- Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican–WI)
- Thomas R. Suozzi (Democrat–NY)
- Tim Burchett (Republican–TN)
- Tim Moore (Republican–NC)
- Tim Walberg (Republican–MI)
- Timothy M. Kennedy (Democrat–NY)
- Tom Barrett (Republican–MI)
- Tom Cole (Republican–OK)
- Tom Emmer (Republican–MN)
- Tom McClintock (Republican–CA)
- Tony Gonzales (Republican–TX)
- Tony Wied (Republican–WI)
- Tracey Mann (Republican–KS)
- Trent Kelly (Republican–MS)
- Troy A. Carter (Democrat–LA)
- Troy Balderson (Republican–OH)
- Troy Downing (Republican–MT)
- Troy E. Nehls (Republican–TX)
- Val T. Hoyle (Democrat–OR)
- Valerie P. Foushee (Democrat–NC)
- Vern Buchanan (Republican–FL)
- Veronica Escobar (Democrat–TX)
- Vicente Gonzalez (Democrat–TX)
- Victoria Spartz (Republican–IN)
- Vince Fong (Republican–CA)
- Virginia Foxx (Republican–NC)
- W. Gregory Steube (Republican–FL)
- Warren Davidson (Republican–OH)
- Wesley Bell (Democrat–MO)
- William R. Keating (Democrat–MA)
- Yassamin Ansari (Democrat–AZ)
- Young Kim (Republican–CA)
- Yvette D. Clarke (Democrat–NY)
- Zoe Lofgren (Democrat–CA)
Nay (1)
- Rashida Tlaib (Democrat–MI)
Not Voting (29)
- Ann Wagner (Republican–MO)
- Ayanna Pressley (Democrat–MA)
- Barry Loudermilk (Republican–GA)
- Daniel S. Goldman (Democrat–NY)
- Derrick Van Orden (Republican–WI)
- Doug LaMalfa (Republican–CA)
- Frederica S. Wilson (Democrat–FL)
- Gerald E. Connolly (Democrat–VA)
- Grace Meng (Democrat–NY)
- Greg Casar (Democrat–TX)
- Gwen Moore (Democrat–WI)
- Jake Auchincloss (Democrat–MA)
- James A. Himes (Democrat–CT)
- Jamie Raskin (Democrat–MD)
- Joe Wilson (Republican–SC)
- Josh Gottheimer (Democrat–NJ)
- Julia Letlow (Republican–LA)
- Kevin Mullin (Democrat–CA)
- Lauren Boebert (Republican–CO)
- Lloyd Doggett (Democrat–TX)
- Mikie Sherrill (Democrat–NJ)
- Raúl M. Grijalva (Democrat–AZ)
- Robert Garcia (Democrat–CA)
- Sam T. Liccardo (Democrat–CA)
- Seth Magaziner (Democrat–RI)
- Sydney Kamlager-Dove (Democrat–CA)
- Wesley Hunt (Republican–TX)
- William R. Timmons IV (Republican–SC)
- Zachary Nunn (Republican–IA)
Party labels reflect each member’s most recent affiliation on record.