On Passage — H R 5140 — To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age
To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.
In plain language
- House bill in the 119th Congress.
- Lowers the age at which an individual may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses.
- House passed it on Sep 16, 2025 (substantive).
Official summary (Congressional Research Service)
This bill lowers the age at which an individual may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia (DC) to 14 years of age. Under current DC law, an individual who is under 18 years of age is tried as a juvenile in family court. However, an individual who is 16 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is charged with murder, first-degree sexual abuse, burglary in the first degree, robbery while armed, or assault with intent to commit any such offense. Additionally, an individual who is 15 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is alleged to have committed a felony and it is determined that (1) it is in the interest of the public welfare to try the individual as an adult, and (2) there are no reasonable prospects for the individual's rehabilitation. The bill lowers the minimum age to be tried as an adult in these cases to 14 years of age.
Roll-call breakdown
Democrat: 8 · Independent: 1 · Republican: 216
Democrat: 202 · Republican: 1
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Democrat: 3 · Republican: 1
How each member voted (432)
Yea (225)
- Aaron Bean (Republican–FL)
- Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican–AZ)
- Addison P. McDowell (Republican–NC)
- Adrian Smith (Republican–NE)
- Andrew Ogles (Republican–TN)
- Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican–NY)
- Andrew S. Clyde (Republican–GA)
- Andy Barr (Republican–KY)
- Andy Biggs (Republican–AZ)
- Andy Harris (Republican–MD)
- Ann Wagner (Republican–MO)
- Anna Paulina Luna (Republican–FL)
- Ashley Hinson (Republican–IA)
- August Pfluger (Republican–TX)
- Austin Scott (Republican–GA)
- Barry Loudermilk (Republican–GA)
- Barry Moore (Republican–AL)
- Ben Cline (Republican–VA)
- Beth Van Duyne (Republican–TX)
- Bill Huizenga (Republican–MI)
- Blake D. Moore (Republican–UT)
- Brad Finstad (Republican–MN)
- Brad Knott (Republican–NC)
- Brandon Gill (Republican–TX)
- Brett Guthrie (Republican–KY)
- Brian Babin (Republican–TX)
- Brian J. Mast (Republican–FL)
- Brian Jack (Republican–GA)
- Brian K. Fitzpatrick (Republican–PA)
- Bruce Westerman (Republican–AR)
- Bryan Steil (Republican–WI)
- Burgess Owens (Republican–UT)
- Byron Donalds (Republican–FL)
- Carlos A. Gimenez (Republican–FL)
- Carol D. Miller (Republican–WV)
- Celeste Maloy (Republican–UT)
- Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican–TN)
- Chip Roy (Republican–TX)
- Christopher H. Smith (Republican–NJ)
- Chuck Edwards (Republican–NC)
- Claudia Tenney (Republican–NY)
- Clay Higgins (Republican–LA)
- Cliff Bentz (Republican–OR)
- Cory Mills (Republican–FL)
- Craig A. Goldman (Republican–TX)
- Dale W. Strong (Republican–AL)
- Dan Crenshaw (Republican–TX)
- Dan Newhouse (Republican–WA)
- Daniel Meuser (Republican–PA)
- Daniel Webster (Republican–FL)
- Darin LaHood (Republican–IL)
- Darrell Issa (Republican–CA)
- Dave Min (Democrat–CA)
- David G. Valadao (Republican–CA)
- David J. Taylor (Republican–OH)
- David Kustoff (Republican–TN)
- David P. Joyce (Republican–OH)
- David Rouzer (Republican–NC)
- David Schweikert (Republican–AZ)
- Derek Schmidt (Republican–KS)
- Derrick Van Orden (Republican–WI)
- Diana Harshbarger (Republican–TN)
- Don Bacon (Republican–NE)
- Donald G. Davis (Democrat–NC)
- Doug LaMalfa (Republican–CA)
- Dusty Johnson (Republican–SD)
- Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican–GA)
- Elijah Crane (Republican–AZ)
- Elise M. Stefanik (Republican–NY)
- Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (Republican–AR)
- Eric Burlison (Republican–MO)
- Erin Houchin (Republican–IN)
- Eugene Simon Vindman (Democrat–VA)
- Frank D. Lucas (Republican–OK)
- Gabe Evans (Republican–CO)
- Gary J. Palmer (Republican–AL)
- Glenn Grothman (Republican–WI)
- Glenn Thompson (Republican–PA)
- Gregory F. Murphy (Republican–NC)
- Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican–FL)
- Guy Reschenthaler (Republican–PA)
- H. Morgan Griffith (Republican–VA)
- Harold Rogers (Republican–KY)
- Harriet M. Hageman (Republican–WY)
- Henry Cuellar (Democrat–TX)
- J. French Hill (Republican–AR)
- Jack Bergman (Republican–MI)
- Jake Ellzey (Republican–TX)
- James Comer (Republican–KY)
- James R. Baird (Republican–IN)
- Jared F. Golden (Democrat–ME)
- Jason Smith (Republican–MO)
- Jay Obernolte (Republican–CA)
- Jeff Crank (Republican–CO)
- Jeff Hurd (Republican–CO)
- Jefferson Shreve (Republican–IN)
- Jefferson Van Drew (Republican–NJ)
- Jennifer A. Kiggans (Republican–VA)
- Jim Jordan (Republican–OH)
- Jimmy Patronis (Republican–FL)
- Jodey C. Arrington (Republican–TX)
- Joe Wilson (Republican–SC)
- John J. McGuire III (Republican–VA)
- John James (Republican–MI)
- John Joyce (Republican–PA)
- John R. Carter (Republican–TX)
- John R. Moolenaar (Republican–MI)
- John W. Rose (Republican–TN)
- Josh Brecheen (Republican–OK)
- Juan Ciscomani (Republican–AZ)
- Julia Letlow (Republican–LA)
- Julie Fedorchak (Republican–ND)
- Kat Cammack (Republican–FL)
- Keith Self (Republican–TX)
- Ken Calvert (Republican–CA)
- Kevin Hern (Republican–OK)
- Kevin Kiley (Independent–CA)
- Lance Gooden (Republican–TX)
- Laura Gillen (Democrat–NY)
- Laurel M. Lee (Republican–FL)
- Lauren Boebert (Republican–CO)
- Lisa C. McClain (Republican–MI)
- Lloyd Smucker (Republican–PA)
- Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican–FL)
- Mariannette Miller-Meeks (Republican–IA)
- Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (Democrat–WA)
- Mario Diaz-Balart (Republican–FL)
- Marjorie Taylor Greene (Republican–GA)
- Mark Alford (Republican–MO)
- Mark B. Messmer (Republican–IN)
- Mark E. Amodei (Republican–NV)
- Mark Harris (Republican–NC)
- Marlin A. Stutzman (Republican–IN)
- Mary E. Miller (Republican–IL)
- Max L. Miller (Republican–OH)
- Michael A. Rulli (Republican–OH)
- Michael Baumgartner (Republican–WA)
- Michael Cloud (Republican–TX)
- Michael Guest (Republican–MS)
- Michael K. Simpson (Republican–ID)
- Michael Lawler (Republican–NY)
- Michael R. Turner (Republican–OH)
- Michael T. McCaul (Republican–TX)
- Michelle Fischbach (Republican–MN)
- Mike Bost (Republican–IL)
- Mike Carey (Republican–OH)
- Mike Collins (Republican–GA)
- Mike Ezell (Republican–MS)
- Mike Flood (Republican–NE)
- Mike Haridopolos (Republican–FL)
- Mike Johnson (Republican–LA)
- Mike Kelly (Republican–PA)
- Mike Kennedy (Republican–UT)
- Mike Rogers (Republican–AL)
- Monica De La Cruz (Republican–TX)
- Morgan Luttrell (Republican–TX)
- Nancy Mace (Republican–SC)
- Nathaniel Moran (Republican–TX)
- Neal P. Dunn (Republican–FL)
- Nicholas A. Langworthy (Republican–NY)
- Nicholas J. Begich III (Republican–AK)
- Nick LaLota (Republican–NY)
- Nicole Malliotakis (Republican–NY)
- Pat Fallon (Republican–TX)
- Pat Harrigan (Republican–NC)
- Paul A. Gosar (Republican–AZ)
- Pete Sessions (Republican–TX)
- Pete Stauber (Republican–MN)
- Ralph Norman (Republican–SC)
- Randy Feenstra (Republican–IA)
- Randy Fine (Republican–FL)
- Randy K. Weber, Sr. (Republican–TX)
- Richard Hudson (Republican–NC)
- Richard McCormick (Republican–GA)
- Rick W. Allen (Republican–GA)
- Riley M. Moore (Republican–WV)
- Robert B. Aderholt (Republican–AL)
- Robert E. Latta (Republican–OH)
- Robert F. Onder, Jr. (Republican–MO)
- Robert J. Wittman (Republican–VA)
- Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (Republican–PA)
- Roger Williams (Republican–TX)
- Ron Estes (Republican–KS)
- Ronny Jackson (Republican–TX)
- Rudy Yakym III (Republican–IN)
- Russ Fulcher (Republican–ID)
- Russell Fry (Republican–SC)
- Ryan K. Zinke (Republican–MT)
- Ryan Mackenzie (Republican–PA)
- Sam Graves (Republican–MO)
- Scott DesJarlais (Republican–TN)
- Scott Fitzgerald (Republican–WI)
- Scott Franklin (Republican–FL)
- Scott Perry (Republican–PA)
- Sheri Biggs (Republican–SC)
- Stephanie I. Bice (Republican–OK)
- Steve Scalise (Republican–LA)
- Steve Womack (Republican–AR)
- Susie Lee (Democrat–NV)
- Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (Republican–NJ)
- Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican–WI)
- Tim Burchett (Republican–TN)
- Tim Moore (Republican–NC)
- Tim Walberg (Republican–MI)
- Tom Barrett (Republican–MI)
- Tom Cole (Republican–OK)
- Tom Emmer (Republican–MN)
- Tom McClintock (Republican–CA)
- Tony Gonzales (Republican–TX)
- Tony Wied (Republican–WI)
- Tracey Mann (Republican–KS)
- Trent Kelly (Republican–MS)
- Troy Balderson (Republican–OH)
- Troy Downing (Republican–MT)
- Troy E. Nehls (Republican–TX)
- Vern Buchanan (Republican–FL)
- Victoria Spartz (Republican–IN)
- Vince Fong (Republican–CA)
- Virginia Foxx (Republican–NC)
- W. Gregory Steube (Republican–FL)
- Warren Davidson (Republican–OH)
- Wesley Hunt (Republican–TX)
- William R. Timmons IV (Republican–SC)
- Young Kim (Republican–CA)
- Zachary Nunn (Republican–IA)
Nay (203)
- Adam Smith (Democrat–WA)
- Adriano Espaillat (Democrat–NY)
- Al Green (Democrat–TX)
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (Democrat–NY)
- Alma S. Adams (Democrat–NC)
- Ami Bera (Democrat–CA)
- André Carson (Democrat–IN)
- Andrea Salinas (Democrat–OR)
- Angie Craig (Democrat–MN)
- April McClain Delaney (Democrat–MD)
- Ayanna Pressley (Democrat–MA)
- Becca Balint (Democrat–VT)
- Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat–MS)
- Betty McCollum (Democrat–MN)
- Bill Foster (Democrat–IL)
- Bonnie Watson Coleman (Democrat–NJ)
- Brad Sherman (Democrat–CA)
- Bradley Scott Schneider (Democrat–IL)
- Brendan F. Boyle (Democrat–PA)
- Brittany Pettersen (Democrat–CO)
- Chellie Pingree (Democrat–ME)
- Chris Pappas (Democrat–NH)
- Chrissy Houlahan (Democrat–PA)
- Christopher R. Deluzio (Democrat–PA)
- Cleo Fields (Democrat–LA)
- Daniel S. Goldman (Democrat–NY)
- Danny K. Davis (Democrat–IL)
- Darren Soto (Democrat–FL)
- David Scott (Democrat–GA)
- Debbie Dingell (Democrat–MI)
- Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Democrat–FL)
- Deborah K. Ross (Democrat–NC)
- Delia C. Ramirez (Democrat–IL)
- Derek Tran (Democrat–CA)
- Diana DeGette (Democrat–CO)
- Donald Norcross (Democrat–NJ)
- Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (Democrat–VA)
- Doris O. Matsui (Democrat–CA)
- Dwight Evans (Democrat–PA)
- Ed Case (Democrat–HI)
- Emanuel Cleaver (Democrat–MO)
- Emilia Strong Sykes (Democrat–OH)
- Emily Randall (Democrat–WA)
- Eric Sorensen (Democrat–IL)
- Eric Swalwell (Democrat–CA)
- Frank J. Mrvan (Democrat–IN)
- Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Frederica S. Wilson (Democrat–FL)
- Gabe Amo (Democrat–RI)
- Gabe Vasquez (Democrat–NM)
- George Latimer (Democrat–NY)
- George Whitesides (Democrat–CA)
- Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (Democrat–CA)
- Glenn Ivey (Democrat–MD)
- Grace Meng (Democrat–NY)
- Greg Casar (Democrat–TX)
- Greg Landsman (Democrat–OH)
- Greg Stanton (Democrat–AZ)
- Gregory W. Meeks (Democrat–NY)
- Gwen Moore (Democrat–WI)
- Hakeem S. Jeffries (Democrat–NY)
- Haley M. Stevens (Democrat–MI)
- Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Hillary J. Scholten (Democrat–MI)
- Ilhan Omar (Democrat–MN)
- J. Luis Correa (Democrat–CA)
- Jahana Hayes (Democrat–CT)
- Jake Auchincloss (Democrat–MA)
- James A. Himes (Democrat–CT)
- James E. Clyburn (Democrat–SC)
- James P. McGovern (Democrat–MA)
- James R. Walkinshaw (Democrat–VA)
- Jamie Raskin (Democrat–MD)
- Janelle S. Bynum (Democrat–OR)
- Janice D. Schakowsky (Democrat–IL)
- Jared Huffman (Democrat–CA)
- Jared Moskowitz (Democrat–FL)
- Jasmine Crockett (Democrat–TX)
- Jason Crow (Democrat–CO)
- Jennifer L. McClellan (Democrat–VA)
- Jerrold Nadler (Democrat–NY)
- Jesús G. "Chuy" García (Democrat–IL)
- Jill N. Tokuda (Democrat–HI)
- Jim Costa (Democrat–CA)
- Jimmy Gomez (Democrat–CA)
- Jimmy Panetta (Democrat–CA)
- Joaquin Castro (Democrat–TX)
- Joe Courtney (Democrat–CT)
- Joe Neguse (Democrat–CO)
- John B. Larson (Democrat–CT)
- John Garamendi (Democrat–CA)
- John W. Mannion (Democrat–NY)
- Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (Democrat–MD)
- Jonathan L. Jackson (Democrat–IL)
- Joseph D. Morelle (Democrat–NY)
- Josh Gottheimer (Democrat–NJ)
- Josh Harder (Democrat–CA)
- Josh Riley (Democrat–NY)
- Joyce Beatty (Democrat–OH)
- Juan Vargas (Democrat–CA)
- Judy Chu (Democrat–CA)
- Julia Brownley (Democrat–CA)
- Julie Johnson (Democrat–TX)
- Katherine M. Clark (Democrat–MA)
- Kathy Castor (Democrat–FL)
- Kelly Morrison (Democrat–MN)
- Kevin Mullin (Democrat–CA)
- Kim Schrier (Democrat–WA)
- Kristen McDonald Rivet (Democrat–MI)
- Kweisi Mfume (Democrat–MD)
- LaMonica McIver (Democrat–NJ)
- Lateefah Simon (Democrat–CA)
- Laura Friedman (Democrat–CA)
- Lauren Underwood (Democrat–IL)
- Linda T. Sánchez (Democrat–CA)
- Lizzie Fletcher (Democrat–TX)
- Lloyd Doggett (Democrat–TX)
- Lois Frankel (Democrat–FL)
- Lori Trahan (Democrat–MA)
- Lucy McBath (Democrat–GA)
- Luz M. Rivas (Democrat–CA)
- Madeleine Dean (Democrat–PA)
- Maggie Goodlander (Democrat–NH)
- Marc A. Veasey (Democrat–TX)
- Marcy Kaptur (Democrat–OH)
- Marilyn Strickland (Democrat–WA)
- Mark DeSaulnier (Democrat–CA)
- Mark Pocan (Democrat–WI)
- Mark Takano (Democrat–CA)
- Mary Gay Scanlon (Democrat–PA)
- Maxine Dexter (Democrat–OR)
- Maxine Waters (Democrat–CA)
- Maxwell Frost (Democrat–FL)
- Melanie A. Stansbury (Democrat–NM)
- Mike Levin (Democrat–CA)
- Mike Quigley (Democrat–IL)
- Mike Thompson (Democrat–CA)
- Morgan McGarvey (Democrat–KY)
- Nancy Pelosi (Democrat–CA)
- Nanette Diaz Barragán (Democrat–CA)
- Nellie Pou (Democrat–NJ)
- Nikema Williams (Democrat–GA)
- Nikki Budzinski (Democrat–IL)
- Norma J. Torres (Democrat–CA)
- Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat–NY)
- Patrick Ryan (Democrat–NY)
- Paul Tonko (Democrat–NY)
- Pete Aguilar (Democrat–CA)
- Pramila Jayapal (Democrat–WA)
- Raja Krishnamoorthi (Democrat–IL)
- Rashida Tlaib (Democrat–MI)
- Raul Ruiz (Democrat–CA)
- Richard E. Neal (Democrat–MA)
- Rick Larsen (Democrat–WA)
- Ritchie Torres (Democrat–NY)
- Ro Khanna (Democrat–CA)
- Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat–VA)
- Robert Garcia (Democrat–CA)
- Robert Menendez (Democrat–NJ)
- Robin L. Kelly (Democrat–IL)
- Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat–CT)
- Salud O. Carbajal (Democrat–CA)
- Sam T. Liccardo (Democrat–CA)
- Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Sara Jacobs (Democrat–CA)
- Sarah Elfreth (Democrat–MD)
- Sarah McBride (Democrat–DE)
- Scott H. Peters (Democrat–CA)
- Sean Casten (Democrat–IL)
- Seth Magaziner (Democrat–RI)
- Seth Moulton (Democrat–MA)
- Sharice Davids (Democrat–KS)
- Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (Democrat–FL)
- Shomari Figures (Democrat–AL)
- Shontel M. Brown (Democrat–OH)
- Shri Thanedar (Democrat–MI)
- Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat–MD)
- Stephen F. Lynch (Democrat–MA)
- Steve Cohen (Democrat–TN)
- Steven Horsford (Democrat–NV)
- Suhas Subramanyam (Democrat–VA)
- Summer L. Lee (Democrat–PA)
- Suzan K. DelBene (Democrat–WA)
- Suzanne Bonamici (Democrat–OR)
- Sydney Kamlager-Dove (Democrat–CA)
- Sylvia R. Garcia (Democrat–TX)
- Ted Lieu (Democrat–CA)
- Teresa Leger Fernandez (Democrat–NM)
- Terri A. Sewell (Democrat–AL)
- Thomas Massie (Republican–KY)
- Thomas R. Suozzi (Democrat–NY)
- Timothy M. Kennedy (Democrat–NY)
- Troy A. Carter (Democrat–LA)
- Val T. Hoyle (Democrat–OR)
- Valerie P. Foushee (Democrat–NC)
- Veronica Escobar (Democrat–TX)
- Vicente Gonzalez (Democrat–TX)
- Wesley Bell (Democrat–MO)
- William R. Keating (Democrat–MA)
- Yassamin Ansari (Democrat–AZ)
- Yvette D. Clarke (Democrat–NY)
- Zoe Lofgren (Democrat–CA)
Not Voting (4)
- Adam Gray (Democrat–CA)
- Dina Titus (Democrat–NV)
- John H. Rutherford (Republican–FL)
- Mikie Sherrill (Democrat–NJ)
Party labels reflect each member’s most recent affiliation on record.