On Passage — H R 5587 — HEATS Act
HEATS Act
In plain language
- House bill in the 119th Congress.
- Exempts certain geothermal activities on state and private lands (except Indian lands) from drilling permit requirements as well.
- House passed it on Apr 23, 2026 (substantive).
Official summary (Congressional Research Service)
Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources Act or the HEATS Act This bill exempts certain geothermal activities on state and private lands (except Indian lands) from drilling permit requirements as well as environmental and historic preservation review requirements. First, the bill prohibits the Department of the Interior from requiring an operator to obtain a drilling permit under the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 for any geothermal exploration and production activity conducted on a nonfederal surface estate (i.e., the part of the estate that is above ground) if (1) the United States holds an ownership interest of less than 50% of the subsurface geothermal estate to be accessed by the proposed action, and (2) the operator submits to Interior a state permit to conduct the geothermal exploration and production activity on the nonfederal surface estate. Next, the bill states that such geothermal exploration and production activity is not considered a major federal action under National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). Thus, such activity does not trigger NEPA's environmental review requirements. In addition, the bill exempts such activity from the consultation requirements under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. It also exempts the activity from review under the National Historic Preservation Act unless the state in which the activity occurs does not have a state law that addresses the preservation of historic properties.
Roll-call breakdown
Democrat: 22 · Independent: 1 · Republican: 208
Democrat: 186
—
Democrat: 4 · Republican: 8
How each member voted (429)
Yea (231)
- Aaron Bean (Republican–FL)
- Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican–AZ)
- Adam Gray (Democrat–CA)
- Addison P. McDowell (Republican–NC)
- Adrian Smith (Republican–NE)
- Andrew Ogles (Republican–TN)
- Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican–NY)
- Andrew S. Clyde (Republican–GA)
- Andy Barr (Republican–KY)
- Andy Biggs (Republican–AZ)
- Andy Harris (Republican–MD)
- Ann Wagner (Republican–MO)
- Ashley Hinson (Republican–IA)
- August Pfluger (Republican–TX)
- Austin Scott (Republican–GA)
- Barry Loudermilk (Republican–GA)
- Barry Moore (Republican–AL)
- Ben Cline (Republican–VA)
- Beth Van Duyne (Republican–TX)
- Bill Huizenga (Republican–MI)
- Blake D. Moore (Republican–UT)
- Brad Finstad (Republican–MN)
- Brad Knott (Republican–NC)
- Brandon Gill (Republican–TX)
- Brett Guthrie (Republican–KY)
- Brian Babin (Republican–TX)
- Brian J. Mast (Republican–FL)
- Brian Jack (Republican–GA)
- Brian K. Fitzpatrick (Republican–PA)
- Bruce Westerman (Republican–AR)
- Bryan Steil (Republican–WI)
- Burgess Owens (Republican–UT)
- Byron Donalds (Republican–FL)
- Carlos A. Gimenez (Republican–FL)
- Carol D. Miller (Republican–WV)
- Celeste Maloy (Republican–UT)
- Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican–TN)
- Chip Roy (Republican–TX)
- Chris Pappas (Democrat–NH)
- Christopher H. Smith (Republican–NJ)
- Chuck Edwards (Republican–NC)
- Claudia Tenney (Republican–NY)
- Clay Fuller (Republican–GA)
- Clay Higgins (Republican–LA)
- Cliff Bentz (Republican–OR)
- Cory Mills (Republican–FL)
- Craig A. Goldman (Republican–TX)
- Dale W. Strong (Republican–AL)
- Dan Newhouse (Republican–WA)
- Daniel Meuser (Republican–PA)
- Daniel Webster (Republican–FL)
- Darin LaHood (Republican–IL)
- Darrell Issa (Republican–CA)
- David G. Valadao (Republican–CA)
- David J. Taylor (Republican–OH)
- David Kustoff (Republican–TN)
- David P. Joyce (Republican–OH)
- David Rouzer (Republican–NC)
- David Schweikert (Republican–AZ)
- Derek Schmidt (Republican–KS)
- Derrick Van Orden (Republican–WI)
- Diana Harshbarger (Republican–TN)
- Don Bacon (Republican–NE)
- Donald G. Davis (Democrat–NC)
- Dusty Johnson (Republican–SD)
- Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican–GA)
- Elijah Crane (Republican–AZ)
- Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (Republican–AR)
- Eric Burlison (Republican–MO)
- Erin Houchin (Republican–IN)
- Eugene Simon Vindman (Democrat–VA)
- Frank D. Lucas (Republican–OK)
- Gabe Evans (Republican–CO)
- Gabe Vasquez (Democrat–NM)
- Gary J. Palmer (Republican–AL)
- Glenn Grothman (Republican–WI)
- Glenn Thompson (Republican–PA)
- Gregory F. Murphy (Republican–NC)
- Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican–FL)
- Guy Reschenthaler (Republican–PA)
- H. Morgan Griffith (Republican–VA)
- Harold Rogers (Republican–KY)
- Harriet M. Hageman (Republican–WY)
- Henry Cuellar (Democrat–TX)
- J. French Hill (Republican–AR)
- J. Luis Correa (Democrat–CA)
- Jack Bergman (Republican–MI)
- Jake Ellzey (Republican–TX)
- James A. Himes (Democrat–CT)
- James Comer (Republican–KY)
- James R. Baird (Republican–IN)
- Jared F. Golden (Democrat–ME)
- Jason Smith (Republican–MO)
- Jay Obernolte (Republican–CA)
- Jeff Crank (Republican–CO)
- Jeff Hurd (Republican–CO)
- Jefferson Shreve (Republican–IN)
- Jefferson Van Drew (Republican–NJ)
- Jennifer A. Kiggans (Republican–VA)
- Jim Costa (Democrat–CA)
- Jim Jordan (Republican–OH)
- Jimmy Panetta (Democrat–CA)
- Jimmy Patronis (Republican–FL)
- Jodey C. Arrington (Republican–TX)
- Joe Wilson (Republican–SC)
- John H. Rutherford (Republican–FL)
- John J. McGuire III (Republican–VA)
- John James (Republican–MI)
- John Joyce (Republican–PA)
- John R. Carter (Republican–TX)
- John R. Moolenaar (Republican–MI)
- John W. Rose (Republican–TN)
- Josh Brecheen (Republican–OK)
- Josh Gottheimer (Democrat–NJ)
- Josh Harder (Democrat–CA)
- Josh Riley (Democrat–NY)
- Juan Ciscomani (Republican–AZ)
- Julia Letlow (Republican–LA)
- Julie Fedorchak (Republican–ND)
- Kat Cammack (Republican–FL)
- Keith Self (Republican–TX)
- Ken Calvert (Republican–CA)
- Kevin Hern (Republican–OK)
- Kevin Kiley (Independent–CA)
- Kristen McDonald Rivet (Democrat–MI)
- Lance Gooden (Republican–TX)
- Laura Gillen (Democrat–NY)
- Laurel M. Lee (Republican–FL)
- Lauren Boebert (Republican–CO)
- Lisa C. McClain (Republican–MI)
- Lloyd Smucker (Republican–PA)
- Maggie Goodlander (Democrat–NH)
- Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican–FL)
- Mariannette Miller-Meeks (Republican–IA)
- Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (Democrat–WA)
- Mario Diaz-Balart (Republican–FL)
- Mark Alford (Republican–MO)
- Mark B. Messmer (Republican–IN)
- Mark E. Amodei (Republican–NV)
- Mark Harris (Republican–NC)
- Marlin A. Stutzman (Republican–IN)
- Mary E. Miller (Republican–IL)
- Matt Van Epps (Republican–TN)
- Max L. Miller (Republican–OH)
- Michael A. Rulli (Republican–OH)
- Michael Baumgartner (Republican–WA)
- Michael Cloud (Republican–TX)
- Michael Guest (Republican–MS)
- Michael K. Simpson (Republican–ID)
- Michael Lawler (Republican–NY)
- Michael R. Turner (Republican–OH)
- Michael T. McCaul (Republican–TX)
- Michelle Fischbach (Republican–MN)
- Mike Bost (Republican–IL)
- Mike Carey (Republican–OH)
- Mike Collins (Republican–GA)
- Mike Ezell (Republican–MS)
- Mike Flood (Republican–NE)
- Mike Haridopolos (Republican–FL)
- Mike Kelly (Republican–PA)
- Mike Kennedy (Republican–UT)
- Mike Rogers (Republican–AL)
- Morgan Luttrell (Republican–TX)
- Nathaniel Moran (Republican–TX)
- Nicholas A. Langworthy (Republican–NY)
- Nicholas J. Begich III (Republican–AK)
- Nick LaLota (Republican–NY)
- Nicole Malliotakis (Republican–NY)
- Nikki Budzinski (Democrat–IL)
- Pat Fallon (Republican–TX)
- Pat Harrigan (Republican–NC)
- Paul A. Gosar (Republican–AZ)
- Pete Sessions (Republican–TX)
- Pete Stauber (Republican–MN)
- Ralph Norman (Republican–SC)
- Randy Feenstra (Republican–IA)
- Randy Fine (Republican–FL)
- Randy K. Weber, Sr. (Republican–TX)
- Richard Hudson (Republican–NC)
- Richard McCormick (Republican–GA)
- Rick W. Allen (Republican–GA)
- Riley M. Moore (Republican–WV)
- Robert B. Aderholt (Republican–AL)
- Robert E. Latta (Republican–OH)
- Robert F. Onder, Jr. (Republican–MO)
- Robert J. Wittman (Republican–VA)
- Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (Republican–PA)
- Ron Estes (Republican–KS)
- Ronny Jackson (Republican–TX)
- Rudy Yakym III (Republican–IN)
- Russ Fulcher (Republican–ID)
- Russell Fry (Republican–SC)
- Ryan K. Zinke (Republican–MT)
- Ryan Mackenzie (Republican–PA)
- Sam Graves (Republican–MO)
- Scott DesJarlais (Republican–TN)
- Scott Fitzgerald (Republican–WI)
- Scott Franklin (Republican–FL)
- Scott Perry (Republican–PA)
- Seth Moulton (Democrat–MA)
- Sheri Biggs (Republican–SC)
- Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat–MD)
- Stephanie I. Bice (Republican–OK)
- Steve Scalise (Republican–LA)
- Steve Womack (Republican–AR)
- Thomas Massie (Republican–KY)
- Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican–WI)
- Tim Burchett (Republican–TN)
- Tim Moore (Republican–NC)
- Tim Walberg (Republican–MI)
- Tom Barrett (Republican–MI)
- Tom Cole (Republican–OK)
- Tom Emmer (Republican–MN)
- Tom McClintock (Republican–CA)
- Tony Wied (Republican–WI)
- Tracey Mann (Republican–KS)
- Trent Kelly (Republican–MS)
- Troy Balderson (Republican–OH)
- Troy Downing (Republican–MT)
- Troy E. Nehls (Republican–TX)
- Vern Buchanan (Republican–FL)
- Vicente Gonzalez (Democrat–TX)
- Victoria Spartz (Republican–IN)
- Vince Fong (Republican–CA)
- Virginia Foxx (Republican–NC)
- W. Gregory Steube (Republican–FL)
- Warren Davidson (Republican–OH)
- Wesley Hunt (Republican–TX)
- William R. Timmons IV (Republican–SC)
- Young Kim (Republican–CA)
- Zachary Nunn (Republican–IA)
Nay (186)
- Adam Smith (Democrat–WA)
- Adelita S. Grijalva (Democrat–AZ)
- Adriano Espaillat (Democrat–NY)
- Al Green (Democrat–TX)
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (Democrat–NY)
- Alma S. Adams (Democrat–NC)
- Ami Bera (Democrat–CA)
- Analilia Mejia (Democrat–NJ)
- André Carson (Democrat–IN)
- Andrea Salinas (Democrat–OR)
- Angie Craig (Democrat–MN)
- April McClain Delaney (Democrat–MD)
- Ayanna Pressley (Democrat–MA)
- Becca Balint (Democrat–VT)
- Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat–MS)
- Betty McCollum (Democrat–MN)
- Bill Foster (Democrat–IL)
- Bonnie Watson Coleman (Democrat–NJ)
- Brad Sherman (Democrat–CA)
- Bradley Scott Schneider (Democrat–IL)
- Brendan F. Boyle (Democrat–PA)
- Brittany Pettersen (Democrat–CO)
- Chellie Pingree (Democrat–ME)
- Chrissy Houlahan (Democrat–PA)
- Christian D. Menefee (Democrat–TX)
- Christopher R. Deluzio (Democrat–PA)
- Cleo Fields (Democrat–LA)
- Danny K. Davis (Democrat–IL)
- Darren Soto (Democrat–FL)
- Dave Min (Democrat–CA)
- Debbie Dingell (Democrat–MI)
- Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Democrat–FL)
- Deborah K. Ross (Democrat–NC)
- Delia C. Ramirez (Democrat–IL)
- Derek Tran (Democrat–CA)
- Diana DeGette (Democrat–CO)
- Dina Titus (Democrat–NV)
- Donald Norcross (Democrat–NJ)
- Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (Democrat–VA)
- Doris O. Matsui (Democrat–CA)
- Dwight Evans (Democrat–PA)
- Ed Case (Democrat–HI)
- Emanuel Cleaver (Democrat–MO)
- Emilia Strong Sykes (Democrat–OH)
- Emily Randall (Democrat–WA)
- Eric Sorensen (Democrat–IL)
- Frank J. Mrvan (Democrat–IN)
- Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Gabe Amo (Democrat–RI)
- George Latimer (Democrat–NY)
- George Whitesides (Democrat–CA)
- Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (Democrat–CA)
- Glenn Ivey (Democrat–MD)
- Grace Meng (Democrat–NY)
- Greg Casar (Democrat–TX)
- Greg Landsman (Democrat–OH)
- Greg Stanton (Democrat–AZ)
- Gregory W. Meeks (Democrat–NY)
- Gwen Moore (Democrat–WI)
- Hakeem S. Jeffries (Democrat–NY)
- Haley M. Stevens (Democrat–MI)
- Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (Democrat–NJ)
- Hillary J. Scholten (Democrat–MI)
- Ilhan Omar (Democrat–MN)
- Jahana Hayes (Democrat–CT)
- Jake Auchincloss (Democrat–MA)
- James E. Clyburn (Democrat–SC)
- James P. McGovern (Democrat–MA)
- James R. Walkinshaw (Democrat–VA)
- Jamie Raskin (Democrat–MD)
- Janelle S. Bynum (Democrat–OR)
- Janice D. Schakowsky (Democrat–IL)
- Jared Huffman (Democrat–CA)
- Jared Moskowitz (Democrat–FL)
- Jasmine Crockett (Democrat–TX)
- Jason Crow (Democrat–CO)
- Jennifer L. McClellan (Democrat–VA)
- Jerrold Nadler (Democrat–NY)
- Jesús G. "Chuy" García (Democrat–IL)
- Jill N. Tokuda (Democrat–HI)
- Jimmy Gomez (Democrat–CA)
- Joaquin Castro (Democrat–TX)
- Joe Courtney (Democrat–CT)
- Joe Neguse (Democrat–CO)
- John B. Larson (Democrat–CT)
- John Garamendi (Democrat–CA)
- John W. Mannion (Democrat–NY)
- Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (Democrat–MD)
- Jonathan L. Jackson (Democrat–IL)
- Joseph D. Morelle (Democrat–NY)
- Joyce Beatty (Democrat–OH)
- Juan Vargas (Democrat–CA)
- Judy Chu (Democrat–CA)
- Julie Johnson (Democrat–TX)
- Katherine M. Clark (Democrat–MA)
- Kathy Castor (Democrat–FL)
- Kelly Morrison (Democrat–MN)
- Kevin Mullin (Democrat–CA)
- Kim Schrier (Democrat–WA)
- Kweisi Mfume (Democrat–MD)
- LaMonica McIver (Democrat–NJ)
- Lateefah Simon (Democrat–CA)
- Laura Friedman (Democrat–CA)
- Lauren Underwood (Democrat–IL)
- Linda T. Sánchez (Democrat–CA)
- Lizzie Fletcher (Democrat–TX)
- Lloyd Doggett (Democrat–TX)
- Lois Frankel (Democrat–FL)
- Lori Trahan (Democrat–MA)
- Lucy McBath (Democrat–GA)
- Luz M. Rivas (Democrat–CA)
- Madeleine Dean (Democrat–PA)
- Marc A. Veasey (Democrat–TX)
- Marcy Kaptur (Democrat–OH)
- Marilyn Strickland (Democrat–WA)
- Mark DeSaulnier (Democrat–CA)
- Mark Pocan (Democrat–WI)
- Mark Takano (Democrat–CA)
- Mary Gay Scanlon (Democrat–PA)
- Maxine Dexter (Democrat–OR)
- Maxine Waters (Democrat–CA)
- Maxwell Frost (Democrat–FL)
- Melanie A. Stansbury (Democrat–NM)
- Mike Levin (Democrat–CA)
- Mike Quigley (Democrat–IL)
- Mike Thompson (Democrat–CA)
- Morgan McGarvey (Democrat–KY)
- Nancy Pelosi (Democrat–CA)
- Nanette Diaz Barragán (Democrat–CA)
- Nellie Pou (Democrat–NJ)
- Nikema Williams (Democrat–GA)
- Norma J. Torres (Democrat–CA)
- Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat–NY)
- Patrick Ryan (Democrat–NY)
- Paul Tonko (Democrat–NY)
- Pete Aguilar (Democrat–CA)
- Pramila Jayapal (Democrat–WA)
- Raja Krishnamoorthi (Democrat–IL)
- Rashida Tlaib (Democrat–MI)
- Raul Ruiz (Democrat–CA)
- Richard E. Neal (Democrat–MA)
- Rick Larsen (Democrat–WA)
- Ritchie Torres (Democrat–NY)
- Ro Khanna (Democrat–CA)
- Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat–VA)
- Robert Garcia (Democrat–CA)
- Robert Menendez (Democrat–NJ)
- Robin L. Kelly (Democrat–IL)
- Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat–CT)
- Salud O. Carbajal (Democrat–CA)
- Sam T. Liccardo (Democrat–CA)
- Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat–GA)
- Sara Jacobs (Democrat–CA)
- Sarah Elfreth (Democrat–MD)
- Sarah McBride (Democrat–DE)
- Scott H. Peters (Democrat–CA)
- Sean Casten (Democrat–IL)
- Seth Magaziner (Democrat–RI)
- Sharice Davids (Democrat–KS)
- Shomari Figures (Democrat–AL)
- Shontel M. Brown (Democrat–OH)
- Shri Thanedar (Democrat–MI)
- Stephen F. Lynch (Democrat–MA)
- Steve Cohen (Democrat–TN)
- Steven Horsford (Democrat–NV)
- Suhas Subramanyam (Democrat–VA)
- Summer L. Lee (Democrat–PA)
- Susie Lee (Democrat–NV)
- Suzan K. DelBene (Democrat–WA)
- Suzanne Bonamici (Democrat–OR)
- Sydney Kamlager-Dove (Democrat–CA)
- Ted Lieu (Democrat–CA)
- Teresa Leger Fernandez (Democrat–NM)
- Terri A. Sewell (Democrat–AL)
- Thomas R. Suozzi (Democrat–NY)
- Timothy M. Kennedy (Democrat–NY)
- Troy A. Carter (Democrat–LA)
- Val T. Hoyle (Democrat–OR)
- Valerie P. Foushee (Democrat–NC)
- Veronica Escobar (Democrat–TX)
- Wesley Bell (Democrat–MO)
- William R. Keating (Democrat–MA)
- Yassamin Ansari (Democrat–AZ)
- Yvette D. Clarke (Democrat–NY)
- Zoe Lofgren (Democrat–CA)
Not Voting (12)
- Anna Paulina Luna (Republican–FL)
- Dan Crenshaw (Republican–TX)
- Daniel S. Goldman (Democrat–NY)
- Elise M. Stefanik (Republican–NY)
- Frederica S. Wilson (Democrat–FL)
- Julia Brownley (Democrat–CA)
- Monica De La Cruz (Republican–TX)
- Nancy Mace (Republican–SC)
- Neal P. Dunn (Republican–FL)
- Roger Williams (Republican–TX)
- Sylvia R. Garcia (Democrat–TX)
- Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (Republican–NJ)
Party labels reflect each member’s most recent affiliation on record.